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Stephan Haggard is Distinguished Research Professor at the School of Global Policy and Strategy, University of California San Diego, Research Director for Global Governance at the University of California Institute for Global Conflict and Cooperation (IGCC) and Editor Emeritus of the Journal of East Asian Studies. His work has considered the political economy of growth in the newly industrializing countries of Asia and Latin America (Pathways from the Periphery [1990]; Developmental States [2018]) as well as the financial crises that struck them and reforms that followed in their wake (The Political Economy of the Asian Financial Crisis [2000]). He has also done novel research on North Korea: on the famine, on refugees and on the political economy of sanctions. He has a long-standing interest in transitions to and from democratic rule and the current phenomenon of democratic backsliding (The Political Economy of Democratic Transitions [1995]; Dictators and Democrats [2016] and Backsliding: Democratic Regress in the Contemporary World [2021]. His current research centers on how autocracies are using multilateral and regional institutions to increase their resilience in the face of democratic challenges.